Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Post Modern Style of Mass Communication Essay Example

Post Modern Style of Mass Communication Essay Example Post Modern Style of Mass Communication Essay Post Modern Style of Mass Communication Essay This paper discusses about the changing styles of mass communication with the advancement of technology. The paper traces the evolution of mass media from primitive times to the ultramodern techno savvy modern media of mass communication along with the progression of stylistics of presentation, language, content. For the sake of convenience the history of mass media is divided into five stages viz. Pre-printing media, Print media, Radio Films, Television Ultramodern Media. All these media have developed their own style of communication with masses and technology was instrumental for this change. Prologue Communication is an inevitable aspect of life. And each living being has its own style of communication. Human communication is the most complex out of all these communications. Technology added to it made it more effective, rapid, and continuous with the wide reach. Development of language was the most essential factor of human civilisation. Certainly language proves to be an important medium of human communication. Primitive civilisations had developed the techniques to communicate to the large number of people but those techniques were fundamentally the techniques of group communication, till the invention of printing technology. Printing technology was responsible to start the new genus of communication titled mass communication. Experiments on sound and transmission of sound waves from one corner of the world to another opened the new horizons to mass communication. These gradual progressions helped the mankind to evolve with new civilisation and life style which we name as information era. It is really interesting to plot and study the graph of technological development of mass communication and its co-relation with the changing styles of communication. Hence the author has selected this topic for her paper presentation. The word Style is defined in various ways. The dictionary meaning is as follows: Style: i. A kind or sort especially in regard to appearance and form; ii. A manner of writing or speaking or performing; iii. The distinctive manner of a person or school or period, especially in relation to painting, architecture, furniture, dress, etc. ; iv. The correct way of designating a person or thing; A superior quality or manner; v. A particular make, shape, or pattern[1] Similarly Stylistics[2] is defined as: The study of literary style. A branch of modern linguistics devoted to the detailed analysis of literary style, or of the linguistic choices made by speakers and writers in non-literary contexts. Exploring the Language of Poems, Plays and Prose (1996)[3]. The term Mass Communication is referred to as: A process in which professional communicators use media to disseminate message widely, rapidly and continuously to arouse intended meanings in large diverse audience in attempt to influence them in a variety of ways. 4] While reviewing the above definitions it is clear that without developing specific styles the professional communicators cannot communicate with masses. The author went through the history of media development and deduced some interesting result. For the sake of convenience she divided the time period into five slots: Pre-printing era, Printing era, Radio and Films era, Television Era and Post Modern Era of Interactive Media. The Th eme The medium is the integral part of communication process hence important element of media study. The medium plays key role in defining the form, pattern and style of the message to be communicated. With the evolution of human race the expression and communication styles vary along with the medium used. The brief account of the above phenomenon is given below. Pre-printing media: The folk media were the only means of group communication then. The genera of mass communication were missing in the society. These folk media were without any technology and the tradition of verbal communication was very strong. Therefore, the era gave first preference to language as it was the only mean of communication to allure the public. It helped in developing language as a basic and fundamental skill of human socio-psyche. Syntax, grammar, etymology, phonetics and other aspects of linguistics evolved. Vocabulary Synonyms, antonyms, idioms and phrases, spellings were the most important elements of this skill. Among all these folk media Drama is the most popular one even today. If it is considered as an example of group media without technology then the style followed by it is referred to as four dimensional style of communication. The stage where the drama is performed has length, breadth and height, the sets and the property used also have these three dimensions and the artistes performing too. The fourth dimension is the time. The artistes and the audience share the same time frame and hence the style of communication is the Four Dimensional one. All the live performances predominantly follow this style. Secondly the total body of the presenter speaks in the presentation along with the stage ambience, costume and drapery, the proximics among co-artistes and audience, usage of stage, set property, timing. The style of these media involves both the performers and the audience as it gives a wholistic approach. Print media: Around 1040, the first known movable type system was created in China by Bi Sheng out of porcelain. Around 1450, Johannes Gutenberg introduced what is regarded as an independent invention of movable type in Europe (see printing press), along with innovations in casting the type based on a matrix and hand mould. Gutenberg was the first to create his type pieces from an alloy of lead, tin and antimony – the same components still used today. 5] The print media are the language dependent media which further helped the languages to have concrete and formal development. The added the elegance and richness to the lingual expressions and literary glitterati. The style used in the lingual interaction was very flowery, well-designed, robust and more descriptive. Thus style was of slow, lengthy and specious. The print media used various genera for expression of thoughts, the style used was very serious as regard to precision and placement of words which was precisely non-personal in nature. The writer and the reader have one to one communication without sharing the time and meeting each other. The process of codification and concretization took place during this phase of time. Print media especially the newspaper took up a peculiar style for news writing which labeled as ‘Inverted Pyramid Style of Writing’. The most important point is the to be focused first and the least important at the last. This is exactly opposite of story telling where climax appears at the last. Inclusion of 5 ‘Ws’ who, where, when, what, why and 1 ‘H’ how are to be answered in the news and stick to them. Now with the profuse growth of electronic media i. e. News Channels the element ‘I’ means impact of the event is also mentioned in the news report. No verbosity and extra information is to be included is the golden rule followed by the news writers. Phrases like ‘information received from reliable resources or as reported by so and so news agency.. conflict between two racial groups etc. ’ are frequently in use. The news reports are the factual reports written with precision, clarity, accuracy and brevity with out any ambiguity and mystery. The first paragraph of the news is known as ‘intro’. The stalwarts of news reporting developed various styles of ‘intro’ e. g. bullet intro, summery intro, figurative intro, quotation intro, descriptive intro etc. [6] Radio Films: The media which took over next were truly technology based and definitely revolutionary in nature. The miracle to transmit voice from one part of the earth to another was possible due to the uninterrupted efforts of physicists like Graham Bell, Jagdish Chandra Bose, Morse, Herzt Marconi, etc. The first ever techno-based medium was audio and thus again verbal communication was stressed upon. Since it was advanced as regard to that time period it had elite, urban and sophisticated monotonous style. Only monologue, standardized, formal language symbols were in use although the radio professionals pretended to be colloquial in lingual usage. This was also a non-personal presentation based on phonetics, voice modulation, diction and clarity. Using microphone with best efficiency and efficacy with the time bound presentation, were the essential qualification and here starts the blending of technology in the mass communication process. Phrases like ‘due to some unavoidable reasons we are unable to. or this is So So station and you are listening to. you were just listening to . ’ were repeatedly in use creating monotony. Encompassing all the subjects to cater to all the listeners the radio had adopted its own style of presentation through audio images only. Thus the styled can be named as Audio Imagery style of presentation. Cinema: The first non personal audio-visual presentation with the help of motion pictures was magic of science and art together. A two dimensional medium projected on the screen had bigger images never seen before. The ideas that can be transformed into visual images are presented visually and the rest verbally. The words have less to narrate, hence language, for the first time in the history of communication became secondary in nature. Audio-visual presentation made the things easy to say but complex to present. Being the director’s medium, cinema soon became the most popular medium in the communication story. ‘Writing in motion’ is the most commonly used term for cinema. Every director molded the medium in his own style by camera angles, movements, dialogues, sequence, music and back-ground score, location and editing. Apart from the directorial style cinema has ‘Larger Than Life Audio Visual Imagery’ style which is found as common characteristic of the medium. A stereotypical example of Indian Cinema in 40s and 50s is – not showing the death of the character directly on the screen but symbolizing it with the extinguishing flame of the oil lamp due to the blow of storming wind coupled with a sad tune of string instrument like violin or sarangi and human scream. The visual image of the extinguished lamp and the audio of stormy wind plus sad tune and human scream together facilitate the director to tell the audience about the sad demise of the character in a very subtle and aesthetically strong way. This audio-visual feel is certainly more universal and general than that of literary feel thus named as ‘larger than life audio visual imagery’. Television: The small screen is the true modern mass communication medium. The medium which is available inside the home, can provide audio-visual information wrapped in the entertainment and most important, it is user friendly. The 24 hrs access to TV transmission is another main facet to make this medium the most popular one. Every strata of the society is hooked by this ‘idiot box’ for its never ending entertainment programmes. Although cinema and TV both are audio visual media the technology differs. Cinema is the projection medium, serious in nature. The audience have to make up their minds to go to the theatre, buy the tickets and sit in the chair for nearly 3 hrs with one interval of about 5 to 10 minutes, whereas, TV is the transmission medium, and very casual in nature. Apart from the technological differences, style of presentation is also different. Both the media are Two dimensional but the aspect ratio of the dimensions differ hence the style. TV is a close-up medium and it is also referred to as editor’s medium. It has a short lived effect and the approach of the audience towards this medium is very informal. Many a times TV programmes provide background score and nothing much. At the same time the ambience in which TV is watched is almost the same for each family as the decor is changed hardly once a year or so. Thus to avoid monotony external appearance of this medium more and more excitement is inserted in the content of the TV programmes. The efforts put in to create excitement do not prove to be successful every time leading it to non-serious, superficial presentation. The speed of transmission had added new dimension to the style of TV presentation. The private channels especially news channels using satellites for telecasting their programmes had developed BBC and American style of news presentation. Indian news-casters follow American style of news-casting which is predominantly focusing on shallow issues blown up disproportionately with unwanted repetitive details told in crispy language and loud tone. Purity of language and selection of words are at stake. For example to create excitement for hooking the audience and keeping them glued to the same news-channel, the words which were used only in emergency like breaking news, exclusive news are being used so often that these words lost their importance in the journalistic parlance. The style of entertainment channels is glossy, gaudy and extravagant visuals of rich and high class society with cliche scene and dialogues aimed to propagate consumerist approach of life style. Market forces and materialistic trends coated in the Indian culture, add to the formation of this strange style. Most of the time communication of the content is the prime concern and not the language, therefore, usage of words borrowed from English are frequently found in almost all the genera of Television programmes of vernacular languages. The presenters of Phone in Programmes and even news-casters use the language which apparently looks informal, friendly, colloquial giving a feel of closeness to the unknown listener or viewer but actually maintain distance. Thus the style can be referred to as ‘Pseudo-informative style’. Ultramodern Media: Internet and mobiles are the latest gadgets well equipped with modern technology. This technology is well accepted as Information Technology which makes all kinds of information gathering, processing and transporting feasible with finger stroke. The young generation who is proficient in using this technology is now living in information era. The information is flowing at the speed of light covering every nook and corner of the world. Both these gadgets are the interactive media and are responsible to make the whole society media dependent. The first and the most prominent impact of this post modern mass communication media is the changed life style. The people are well connected and well informed. Marshall McLuhan explained this phenomenon as ‘Information Explosion and Implosion. ’[7] The Internet is the most popular medium for information access as it provides the facility of random access and the individual can reach the desired topic within a very short span. The effect of this random access can be seen in the reference books also by the addition of subject index with bibliography. The impact of this facility can be observed as the people using it do not go through the whole text of the book or the webpage but directly reach the required point. It is certainly a time saving activity but one looses the opportunity to go through context and related information. The information is huge in quantity but in-depth knowledge and wisdom is in paucity. The language symbol usage is the at the minimal level as the visuals – graphics and animations are available in ready-to-use forms. The spellings like you, we, before, to, please, thank you are abbreviated to u, v, b4, 2 pl, tq and are so much in use that soon they will be seen in the formal correspondence as a regular feature. The usage of SMS is growing leaps and bounds and the users are habituated to express every thing into 160 characters only chopping off all the unnecessary alphabets. Use of emoticons for expressions [pic] = happy, [pic]= sad etc. is the latest style to use minimum symbols for maximum expression. To support the communication not only written words but also pictures, music and animated images are used in these multi media gadgets giving the opportunity to use all possible way to communicate with maximum delimitation. Thus this style can be referred to as ‘Delimiting Style’ of post modern communication. The Epilogue The inference of above discussion is put forward in brevity as The technology has deep and everlasting impact on the styles of communication especially mass communication. The style change is directly proportional to the change and advancement of technology. The mass communication in post modern era has turned out to be interactive communication in ‘Delimiting Style’ with usage of minimal language symbols in combination with audio and visual clips.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

How to Run a Successful Email Outreach Campaign (Step by Step)

How to Run a Successful Email Outreach Campaign (Step by Step) Maybe it was your first email outreach campaign. Maybe you tried one and quit halfway through. Or maybe you thought you did everything right, but you just didn’t see the results you were looking for. Whatever your reason is for wanting to kick your email outreach game up a notch, you’ve come to the right place. The best email campaigns have a simple structure, follow email outreach best practices, and leave plenty of room for experimenting, analyzing, and tweaking so you can incrementally build up to that perfect email campaign that gets you results every time. Start with identifying your desired outcome, reaching out to the right audience, and maintaining compliance. Then, dive into crafting a powerful email that prompts action, structuring a strong campaign, and, finally, deploying your email outreach campaign under the right conditions. And finally, analyze the results to determine whats working and whats not. Then, start again at step one with a new set of prospects and your newly-discovered insights, iterating the basic campaign structure with slight improvements until you become a master of your domain. Want to learn more? Here’s our step-by-step instruction guide to running a successful email outreach campaign. Table of Contents: Identify Your Goals Pinpoint the Right Prospects Verify Emails and Maintain Compliance Craft Your Emails Structure Your Campaign Launch Your Campaign Testing and Tracking ResultsHow to Run a Successful Email Outreach Campaign (Step by Step) Step 1: Identify Your Goals Identifying your goals before starting an email campaign seems like a no-brainer, but you’d be surprised at how often companies gloss over this step. And all too often, those who do get the goal-defining piece right end up not holding themselves accountable or failing to share those goals organization-wide. Your campaign's goals could range widely from simple prospecting  to boosting brand awareness or even educating the market on new product lines or features. Or perhaps lead generation is steady, but your team is having a tough time closing deals or retaining customers. (In that situation, it might be beneficial to send a survey campaign.) Whether your goal is relationship building, link building, basic prospecting, or something else, you should make sure everyone on your team knows exactly  what the end goal is and what metrics to track  to identify if the campaign was a success or not. While open rates and click-through rates are important, they really just tell you if there’s a problem with your content. The most important thing is to track conversions and overall ROI. The most important thing is to track conversions and overall ROI. Step 2: Pinpoint the Right Prospects Even the greatest email campaigns can be brought to a grinding halt if they aren't targeting the right audience. Putting together a prospect list is a critical task. Fortunately, there are countless ways to find people who may want what you're selling: Outbound prospecting Networking Inbound marketing Referrals The hard part is deciding which one is the most effective for your product, your company, and your sales style. Typically, it's a combination of multiple approaches, but in the end, it really boils down to what avenue offers the best return on time and resources invested. These days, automation reigns supreme when it comes to crafting the perfect lead data from scratch. Tools like LinkedIn Sales Navigator  can help you create advanced queries to find prospects based on geography, industry, number of employees, estimated revenue, and more. LinkedIn Sales Navigator can help you create advanced queries to find prospects based on geography,... Step 3: Verify Emails and Maintain Compliance Once you’ve crafted your ironclad prospect list, you’ve then got the arduous task of tracking down each potential lead’s correct  contact information – which in the past, was easier said than done. Fortunately, we now have tools like Voila Norbert  that allow you to input lead data and extract out their real-time validated email addresses all in one shot. Once your goals are set and you have a verified email list, you then need to take a few critical steps toward maintaining CAN-SPAM compliance, ensuring deliverability, and protecting your domain. Recommended Reading: What 14 Studies Say About the Best Time to Send Email 1. Set Up an Email Address on Another Domain This is an often-overlooked but necessary step. Email outreach campaigns require lots of experimenting, and if you send all those emails from your primary domain, you run the risk of damaging the reputation of your company. The safest option is to set up another domain that’s reserved exclusively for outbound campaigns targeting a new audience. 2. Create an SPF Record The SPF, or Sender Policy Framework, is essentially a security device that prevents wrongdoers from sending any emails on your behalf. You just need to set it up on your DNS server, which defines and verifies the specific IP addresses allowed to send emails from your domain. Google has a pretty good write-up on SPF  if you want to learn more. 3. Create a DKIM Record Similar to the SPF record, the DKIM, or DomainKeys Identified Mail, was rolled out to prevent imposters from masquerading as you via email. Think of it as another layer of protection that says to the receiving DNS server, â€Å"It’s okay, I’m really the person sending this message.† Similar to the SPF record, it will also ensure a greater deliverability rate once set up. 4. Adhere to CAN-SPAM Guidelines The CAN-SPAM Act  was enacted in 2003 as a way to set an established standard for sending commercial email, and made the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) responsible for its enforcement. People tend to overcomplicate it, but the essentials are: Steer clear of using false or misleading information Limit the number of â€Å"!†s in emails you send Abstain from using too many words like â€Å"promotion,† â€Å"sale,† â€Å"free,† etc. Be transparent about your intentions Don’t use too many imagesStep 4: Craft Your Emails Crafting your emails is usually where people get caught up. Many have a tendency to overanalyze and try to perfect the email on the first outreach campaign. While you should spend a decent amount of time here, it isn’t good practice to dwell on things. Find or create a good template, run with it, analyze what works, and move on. With that in mind, there are still some best practices to adhere to when crafting your emails: Subject Line and Snippet The name of the game here is to seize attention, primarily because 47% of emails  are discarded or opened based entirely on their subject line. Easy subject line wins include: Getting straight to the point.  I’m talking 3-4 words when possible, but maximum  5-6 words. This way they stand out from the long drawn-out subject lines emails typically have. Personalizing when possible  by utilizing the company name, prospect’s name, referral source, or even a shared experience. Doing so has the potential to boost open rates. Keeping it casual to avoid being confused with spam or junk offers. Try typing in lowercase incomplete sentences as if you wrote the subject line to a longtime friend or colleague. Recommended Tool: 's (Free) Email Subject Line Tester Email Body The core of your email should be entirely  about the prospect. Avoid talking about yourself or your product initially. Some best practices here include utilizing social proof in the form of hard numbers, case studies, or statistics – preferably something relevant, relatable, or hard-hitting. Start off by striking a chord with a pain point, laying out your value proposition, or sharing some interesting content. The body is yet another section ripe for personalization that can help you stand out. Call-To-Action (CTA) You’ve kept their attention this long. Now you’ve just got to seal the deal. Most salespeople know that deals aren’t sold via email, so usually the CTA is a single  request, one that has a low-friction ask and is easily answered with a 'yes' or 'no'. In fact, according to marketing guru Ellie Mirman, emails with a single CTA increased clicks 371%  and sales by 1617%. Recommended Reading: How to Write a Call to Action in a Template With 6 Examples Signature The signature is arguably the most overlooked part of the email, to your own detriment. The signature is likely the first section the prospect will scroll to when they open your email. They want context. So settling for a mere phone number and company name won’t suffice. Instead, you should leverage your signature to do more for you. Add your social media profiles (and make sure you keep them current). Toss in links to a recent article you published, a speech you gave, or even to an award you received. The whole point here is to establish trust and credibility while also coming off as relatable and likable. Establish trust and credibility while also coming off as relatable and likable. Step 5: Structure Your Campaign You’ve got an email loaded and ready – now you just need to hit 'send.' But wait: before you do anything else, you’ve got to structure the rest of your campaign. Typically, this means determining what your email cadence schedule is and what your follow-up emails  will cover. While this is something you could  do manually, it’s better to leverage some sort of automation software. A tool like Mailshake, for example, can send your initial email and  your follow-up emails  on autopilot for you. The big question here typically is: "How long do I wait before following up again?" The short answer is "Not long." You’ve built momentum, and it would be a shame to let that go to waste. Here’s an example outreach schedule you can steal and begin to tweak: Day 1:  Send the initial email Day 3:  Consider connecting on social media Day 4:  Send follow-up email #1 Day 7:  Consider calling them Day 11:  Send follow-up email #2 Day 15:  Engage with their content on social media Day 21:  Send follow-up email #3 From then on, try at least once a month. As you can see, this isn’t an exact science. If you space things out logically and use other channels for touchpoints throughout your outreach campaign, you’ll come off less salesy and spammy.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Program evaluations and evidence-based process Assignment

Program evaluations and evidence-based process - Assignment Example Secondly, the audiences for evaluating such as bankers, customers, management, board, staff or clients and lastly but not the least, the kind of information required in order to decide on the need of enlightening the intended audiences. For example, the information about program’s activities, inputs and outputs, the clients or customers who experience the program, weaknesses or strengths of the program, the outcomes towards the clients or customers and why and how the program failed (Langbein, 2012). Other questions require the sources where to collect the information either from customers, clients or program documentation. Secondly, the fashion on which the information is supposed to be collected, for example through interviewing, conducting questionnaires, observing customers or examining documentation. Thirdly, the time the information is needed and lastly the resources available for the collection of the information (Mertens & Wilson, 2012). Meanwhile, the evidence-based process is systematically and consistently selected, identified and evaluated. It involves the seven steps as analyzed. Step one is the identification of the evidence Systematic Literature Surveillance is conducted using many review services of journals, journals, guideline’s collections and systematic review collections. DynaMed Content Sources is an example of a comprehensive list of sources. Step two involves selection of the best available evidence (Rubin, 2013). All articles are evaluated for clinical relevance, and the relevant articles are further evaluated for validity in relation to the existing DynaMed content. A summary of the most valid articles is made, integrated with the DynaMed content and the outline structure and overview statements are updated basing on the overall evidence synthesis. Selection of an article is done completed by the editors with clinical training and expertise in scientific analysis (Rousseau, 2012). Step three

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Microaggressions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Microaggressions - Essay Example Having a friend who belongs to the said racial group though, I felt that it was demeaning. As I recall now those episodes in high school, I realize that I was probably not just a witness then. Although I somehow felt that those microinsults were really demeaning, my passivity or inaction towards such incidents was probably reflective of my own distinct biases to people of color. It was clear that students who were clearly not Caucasians were being treated as second-class citizens. However, it was not just because they were of color that they were treated as such. Most of the African American students in high school did not come from well-off families. Their economic status was also a factor that contributed to the treatment. I believe that passivity towards the issue then could be attributed to the fact that while I might not have been very particular about race, I held the belief that society is stratified on the basis of economic status and that such status quo should be maintained. Incidentally, most African Americans and other students of non-Caucasian lineage that I knew in high school were relatively not well-off compared to many of the whites. It was because of this concept that made me think that their being second-class citizens has made them vulnerable to microinsults. I was caught between my belief that they should expect such treatment as second-class citizens and my tendency to develop sympathy to their plight. Such sympathy, however, was also constrained with the idea that in stratified society, such treatment is only normal. Not knowing how to react to over racism, I managed to make a stand that I now realize to be a case of microinvalidation. As I tried to make friends with fellow African American students, I actually introduced myself to them as being color-blind. Every time I meet African Americans whom I wanted to make friends with, I always try to insinuate that I do not mind about the color of one’s skin. Through different ways of

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Cosmetic surgery cons and pros Essay Example for Free

Cosmetic surgery cons and pros Essay With the development of technology and medical systems, changing one’s appearance is something which is very normal. People chose to go under some kind of cosmetic surgeries have different reasons, but cosmetic surgery do really change some people to a better life. We are surrounded by advertisements, movies, magazines which usually have pictures of stunning models. The media and those kind of ads establish standard of beauty in their audiences’ mind. It is a nightmare for people who are not lucky enough to possess perfect features. It somehow lowers people self-esteem when they look up to those models as a references of beauty standard. However, thanks to the development of technology and plastic surgery, those kind of nightmare can be fixed. With plastic surgery, almost everything on one’s body can be adjusted. When people get closer to their personal standard, they will feel more confident. Plastic surgery helps raising their self-esteem. Some reach out to cosmetic surgery to improve their appearances. People have more choices than ever from a quick fix to major procedures to improve their body images. Aging is usually major problem. Every one of us has to face that when we get to some points. Laser skin treatments, Botox injections, Filler injections†¦are life savers for people who want to reverse the aging process. It is not hard to find people at their 40’s 50’s who look much younger than their ages. Cosmetic surgery can improve almost everything. If you want small face, high nose, big eyes, big boobs, small waist, perfect flawless skin†¦plastic surgeons can give them all to you. Plastic surgery is magic in transforming appearance, however it also has some disadvantages. I was terrified when I watched a Korean beauty contest which was not long ago. The audiences might have a really hard time distinguish between the contestants, because they look almost the same. All of them have perfect features such as big eyes, high and small noses, small face†¦ It should be called â€Å"plastic surgeons contest†, but they are all pretty though. People lose their personal identities when they get dramatic changes on their faces. On a larger scale, people lose their ethnical identities. For example, there is a trend in Asian countries that people want to westernize their look. Double eye-lid surgeries or nose surgeries are most common procedures. Michael Jackson is also a great example for this issue. He tried to transform from a black to a white person, and the result was which we already knew. People may get addicted to plastic surgery too. Hang Mioku from South Korea is a case which people should look at before they consider about plastic surgery. She was a pretty women with natural beauty. Unluckily, she got addicted to cosmetic surgery, even surgeons refused to get jobs done on her. She injected silicon on her face herself, and worse than that, she injected oil in to her body. The result might terrified any person who ever think about get some jobs done on their bodies.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Animal Rights Speech :: essays research papers

Our case is that if we don’t test on animals then progress in scientific fields would be halted. As first speaker for the negative I will speak about the benefits of animal testing in general and then I’ll talk in detail about animal testing in medicine. My second speaker will talk about the opinions on testing and the food chain and my third speaker will summarise our points and rebut. Safety tests are conducted on a wide range of chemicals and products, including drugs, vaccines, cosmetics, household cleaners, pesticides, foodstuffs, and packing materials. Higher order animals are used in research, teaching and testing because of the benefits they bring to both animals and people. Those benefits are the reasons why a research, teaching or testing procedure is done in the first place. Research using animals has various broad aims which include: Safety tests are conducted on a wide range of chemicals and products, including drugs, vaccines, cosmetics, household cleaners, pesticides, foodstuffs, and packing materials. Higher order animals are used in research, teaching and testing because of the benefits they bring to both animals and people. Those benefits are the reasons why a research, teaching or testing procedure is done in the first place. Research using animals has various broad aims which include: Improving the health and well-being of people. Improving the health, welfare and productivity of farm animals and other production animals. Finding better ways to preserve protect and manage a range of animal species to maintain a balance that is ecologically stable. Developing more humane and effective pest control methods to protect endangered animals and many more. Doctors, nurses, animal care personnel, veterinarians, farmers, conservation managers, teachers, zoo keepers and others engaged in animal-related activities all benefit in animal research to broaden their knowledge. Testing is done as a check on the safety of new drugs or substances for human or animal use, and to check whether new batches of drugs and other agents like vaccines work. There is a legal requirement to test how safe and effective chemicals, drugs and other agents are before they can be sold. Animals have played a major part in medical breakthroughs. Such as the development of anesthetics, which are the chemicals used to make you unconscious during an operation. . Before that surgery was little more than refined butchery. Amputations, removal of bladder stones, caesarean sections and others – were done with the conscious patient strapped to the operating table and screaming.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

MBA Application

Essay Question #1Some students pursue an MBA to make a career change; others pursue an MBA to accelerate their current career path. (500 words or less) a) If your goal is to change careers, describe your plan to achieve your goals before, during and after your MBA. b) If you intend to follow your current career path, describe how the MBA will add value to achieve your goals.A Project Manager- Construction at present, I wish to now gain expertise in Supply Chain Management and make a lateral shift towards the operation of facilitating the right materials in the right amount at the right time and progress to a position of Strategic Management within the Energy Sector. Working with Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited, a fortune 500 company, I have had limitless opportunities to enhance my technical understanding as well as to develop into an effective team player and a leader. The numerous situations and opportunities have been instrumental in the holistic growth in terms of assessing the conditions and utilizing the available resources in the best manner possible. These experiences have laid the foundations for my aspirations, preparing me to understand the basic requirements that would facilitate the shift.My project management experience and relevant engineering education helped me understand the close relation between operation and supply chain management which form the backbone of any corporation I have acquired a good grasp of technology, infrastructure and regulatory roles behind production, transportation and distribution of petroleum products. I have not only learned about the supply-chain of an oil company but also tackled numerous businesses, environmental and political challenges involved in the energy sector. I enjoy working in such intellectually stimulating business environment and hence, have decided to pursue a career in this sector in the long run.With the needed experience in technology, planning and execution in place, at this stage, I intend to understand the finance, strategy and interaction aspects of the businesses. Though on-job learning experiences might usher me in the desired direction, I strongly believe that only structured education  coupled with practical experience can fill the knowledge gaps and equip us with proper decision-making tools. There are specialized opportunities surfacing in this sector today and the outlook for supply-chain management is in a phase of transformation.An MBA from W.P. Carey will help me understand the fundamentals of management and the specialization in Supply Chain Management would effectively groom me for my future career choice. This would be further substantiated by the global curriculum, the intellectual indulgent peer network and a faculty that would guide me towards the best ways of harnessing my skill set and abilities.Immediately after leaving W. P. Carey, I wish to join a global firm’s Supply Chain Department as a supply chain analyst and Consultant to further substantiate my knowledge of real-time market complexities and interactions. As a supply chain manager I will identify new markets and opportunities for my company.Helped by the skill sets acquired at W.P.Carey, I will strategize cost effective solutions, methods to increase sales and thus achieve high turn around. Growing within the organization, I would master the art of comprehensive business development and gain valuable insights into innovative strategies to counter supply chain worries. This growth in turn would ensure that I move steadily, marking my own career path and growing into the position of a Strategic Leader within the Operations and Supply Chain Division.Essay Question #2There are many important factors to consider as you choose an MBA program. What matters most to you for your MBA experience and why? How will the W. P. Carey MBA provide you that experience? (500 words or less)As a Project Manager I have learnt the art of planning, managing teams, assessing the chan ging environment and taking actions in time. As a thoroughbred professional, I have managed to guide multi-lingual and multi-dimensional teams.My experiences, coupled with my engineering degree, have helped me to grow both personally as well as professionally, but more than six years of managerial experience in oil & gas have limited my exposure to one aspect of the energy industry, and I believe a well-balanced  MBA curriculum would significantly improve my knowledge base of different functional areas and provide me with essential operation management skills which will be helpful to promote my career ahead and propel me towards my long term aspirations of being a Leader and an Innovator in the field of Logistics and Supply Chain.At this juncture, I seek an MBA that would help me understand the fundamentals of management, guide me surely towards understanding the various tools required in decision making and provide me with a competitive global experience. After weighing many MBA options, I find an MBA at W. P. Carey School of Business the most suitable program to pursue my goals. My choice for W. P. Carey School is based on careful analysis of three primary parameters – alignment of my long-term ambition, focus on my all-round development and unparalleled networking opportunities.Starting with the basic core functions of management, the MBA Program would help me to gain a complete perspective about business in general. Learning about current trend in business administration would augment my understanding of business interactions and enhance my focus on market assessment tools. The global curriculum and the eminent faculty would ensure that I am able to implement my learning in the best manner possible. The case-study method would bring to the fore the key elements of historic cases and help me learn to develop cause-and-effect aptitude and strategic planning concepts.Adding to these advantages is the Summer Internship at W.P. Carey that would help me implement my learning in the real world. I also look forward to the Global Connection Study Tours to further enlighten my mind. Academic advantages aside, what would fuel my long term dreams is a right mix of personality and network. On the basis of my needs and aspirations, I knew that it had to be a school that would give me the right amount of training as well as the benefit of a peer group that I would be able to relate to and evolve with.Meeting with entrepreneurs and strategy-experts during my curriculum, I would get the opportunity to observe the current trends in the global market, learn about the challenges the industry faces and gain from their valuable practical experience. Further, I believe that Diversity at W. P. Carey will add a new dimension to  my thinking. Diverse alumni would offer unparalleled networking opportunities and help me become a part of the global W.P. Carey community, in effect making my dreams come to life.Essay Question #3If you had five tweets to describe the most significant moments in your life, what would you tweet? (140 characters for each tweet)Tweet 1: Dedication and hard work have sweet returns†¦ B. Tech class of 2004†¦ my success story begins.Tweet2: It wasn’t easy but perseverance and intellect helped me fight†¦ overcoming all hurdles I finally found my place in Bharat Petroleum in 2006.Tweet3: You have helped me, comforted me and brought success to my life†¦ my darling beautiful wife.Tweet 4: I thought I would never see anyone as pretty as my wife, till my angel came into my life. She brought fortune and success†¦ all smiles are next!Tweet 5: New role, new responsibilities. Assistant Manager – Engineering & Projects for BPCL. The road ahead of 2010 is uphill!

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Love in Time of Cholera Essay

Time of CholeraLove, as Mickey and Sylvia, in their 1956 hit single, remind us, love is strange. As we grow older it gets stranger, until at some point mortality has come well within the frame of our attention, and there we are, suddenly caught between terminal dates while still talking a game of eternity. It’s about then that we may begin to regard love songs, romance novels, soap operas and any live teen-age pronouncements at all on the subject of love with an increasingly impatient, not to mention intolerant, ear. At the same time, where would any of us be without all that romantic infrastructure, without, in fact, just that degree of adolescent, premortal hope? Pretty far out on life’s limb, at least. Suppose, then, it were possible, not only to swear love â€Å"forever,† but actually to follow through on it — to live a long, full and authentic life based on such a vow, to put one’s alloted stake of precious time where one’s heart is? This is the extraordinary premise of Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s new novel  Love in the Time of Cholera,  one on which he delivers, and triumphantly. In the postromantic ebb of the 70’s and 80’s, with everybody now so wised up and even growing paranoid about love, once the magical buzzword of a generation, it is a daring step for any writer to decide to work in love’s vernacular, to take it, with all its folly, imprecision and lapses in taste, at all seriously — that is, as well worth those higher forms of play that we value in fiction. For Garcia Marquez the step may also be revolutionary. â€Å"I think that a novel about love is as valid as any other,† he once remarked in a conversation with his friend, the journalist Plinio Apuleyo Mendoza (published as â€Å"El Olor de la Guayaba,† 1982). In reality the duty of a writer — the revolutionary duty, if you like — is that of writing well. † And — oh boy — does he write well. He writes with impassioned control, out of a maniacal serenity: the Garcimarquesian voice we have come to recognize from the other fic tion has matured, found and developed new resources, been brought to a level where it can at once be classical and familiar, opalescent and pure, able to praise and curse, laugh and cry, fabulate and ing and when called upon, take off and soar, as in this description of a turn-of-the-century balloon trip: â€Å"From the sky they could see, just as God saw them, the ruins of the very old and heroic city of Cartagena de Indias, the most beautiful in the world, abandoned by its inhabitants because of the sieges of the English and the atrocities of the buccaneers. They saw the walls, still intact, the brambles in the streets, the fortifications devoured by heartsease, the marble palaces and the golden altars and the viceroys rotting with plague inside their armor. They flew over the lake dwellings of the Trojas in Cataca, painted in lunatic colors, with pens holding iguanas raised for food and balsam apples and crepe myrtle hanging in the lacustrian gardens. Excited by everyone’s shouting, hundreds of naked children plunged into the water, jumping out of windows, jumping from the roofs of the houses and from the canoes that they handled with astonishing skill, and diving like shad to recover the bundles of clothing, the bottles of cough syrup, the beneficent food that the beautifu l lady with the feathered hat threw to them from the basket of the balloon. This novel is also revolutionary in daring to suggest that vows of love made under a presumption of immortality — youthful idiocy, to some — may yet be honored, much later in life when we ought to know better, in the face of the undeniable. This is, effectively, to assert the resurrection of the body, today as throughout history an unavoidably revolutionary idea. Through the ever-subversive medium of fiction, Garcia Marquez shows us how it could all plausibly come about, even — wild hope — for somebody out here, outside a book, even as inevitably beaten at, bought and resold as we all must have become if only through years of simple residence in the injuring and corruptive world. Here’s what happens. The story takes place between about 1880 and 1930, in a Caribbean seaport city, unnamed but said to be a composite of Cartagena and Barranquilla — as well, perhaps, as cities of the spirit less officially mapped. Three major characters form a triangle whose hypotenuse is Florentino Ariza, a poet dedicated to love both carnal and transcendent, though his secular fate is with the River Company of the Caribbean and its small fleet of paddle-wheel steamboats. As a young apprentice telegrapher he meets and falls forever in love with Fermina Daza, a â€Å"beautiful adolescent with . . . almondsshaped eyes,† who walks with a â€Å"natural haughtiness . . . her doe’s gait making her seem immune to gravity. Though they exchange hardly a hundred words face to face, they carry on a passionate and secret affair entirely by way of letters and telegrams, even after the girl’s father has sound out and taken her away on an extended â€Å"journey of forgetting. † But when she returns, Fermina rejects the lovesick young man after all, and eventually meets and marries instead Dr. Juvenal Urbino who, like the hero of a I9th-century novel, is well born, a sharp dresser, somewhat stuck on himself but a terrific catch nonetheless. For Florentino, love’s creature, this is an agonizing setback, though nothing fatal. Having sworn to love Fermina Daza forever, he settles in to wait for as long as he has to until she’s free again. This turns out to be 51 years, 9 months and 4 days later, when suddenly, absurdly, on a Pentecost Sunday around 1930, Dr. Juvenal Urbino dies, chasing a parrot upon mango tree. After the funeral, when everyone else has left, Florentino steps forward with his hat over his heart â€Å"Fermina,† he declares, â€Å"I have waited for this opportunity for more than half a century, to repeat to you once again my vow of eternal fidelity and everlasting love. † Shocked and furious, Fermina orders him out of the house. And don’t show your face again for the years of life that are left to you . . . I hope there are very few of them. † The heart’s eternal vow has run up against the world’s finite terms. The confrontation occurs near the end of the first chapter, which recounts Dr. Urbino’s last day on earth and Fermina’s f irst night as a widow. We then flash back 50 years, into the time of cholera. The middle chapters follow the lives of the three characters through the years of the Urbinos’ marriage and Florentino Ariza’s rise at the River Company, as one century ticks over into the next. The last chapter takes up again where the first left off, with Florentine now, in the face of what many men would consider major rejection, resolutely setting about courting Fermina Daza all over again, doing what he must to win her love. In their city, throughout a turbulent half-century, death has proliferated everywhere, both as el colera, the fatal disease that sweeps through in terrible intermittent epidemics, and as la colera, defined as choler or anger, which taken to its extreme becomes warfare. Victims of one, in this book, are more than once mistaken for victims of the other. War, â€Å"always the same war,† is presented here not as the continuation by other means of any politics that can possibly matter, but as a negative force, a plague, whose only meaning is death on a massive scale. Against this dark ground, lives, so precarious, are often more and less conscious projects of resistance, even of sworn opposition, to death. Dr. Urbino, like his father before him, becomes a leader in the battle against the cholera, promoting public health measures obsessively, heroically. Fermina, more conventionally but with as much courage, soldiers on in her chosen role of wife, mother and household manager, maintaining a safe perimeter for her family. Florentino embraces Eros, death’s well-known long-time enemy, setting off on a career of seductions that eventually add up to 622 â€Å"long term liaisons, apart from . . . countless fleeting adventures,† while maintaining, impervious to time, his deeper fidelity, his unquenchable hope for a life with Fermina. At the end he can tell her truthfully — though she doesn’t believe it for a minute — that he has remained a virgin for her. So far as this is Florentino’s story, in a way his Bildungsroman, we find ourselves, as he earns the suspension of our disbelief, cheering him on, wishing for the success of this stubborn warrior against age and death, and in the name of love. But like the best fictional characters, he insists on his autonomy, refusing to be anything less ambiguous than human. We must take him as he is, pursuing his tomcat destiny out among the streets and lovers’ refuges of this city with which he lives on terms of such easy intimacy, carrying with him a potential for disasters from which he remains safe, immunized by a comical but dangerous indifference to consequences that often borders on criminal neglect. The widow Nazaret, one of many widows he is fated to make happy, seduces him during a nightlong bombardment from the cannons of an attacking army outside the city. Ausencia Santander’s exquisitely furnished home is burgled of every movable item while she and Florentino are frolicking in bed. A girl he picks up at Carnival time turns out to be a homicidal machete-wielding escapee from the local asylum. Olimpia Zuleta’s husband murders her when he sees a vulgar endearment Florentino has been thoughtless enough to write on her body in red paint. His lover’s amorality causes not only individual misfortune but ecological destruction as well: as he learns by the end of the book, his River Company’s insatiable appetite for firewood to fuel its steamers has wiped out the great forests that once bordered the Magdalena river system, leaving a wasteland where nothing can ive. â€Å"With his mind clouded by his passion for Fermina Daza he never took the trouble to think about it, and by the time he realized the truth, there was nothing anyone could do except bring in a new river. † In fact, dumb luck has as much to do with getting Florentino through as the intensity or purity of his dream. The author’s great affection for this character does not en tirely overcome a sly concurrent subversion of the ethic of machismo, of which Garcia Marquez is not especially fond, having described it elsewhere simply as usurpation of the rights of others. Indeed, as we’ve come to expect from his fiction, it’s the women in this story who are stronger, more attuned to reality. When Florentino goes crazy with live, developing symptoms like those of cholera, it is his mother Transito Ariza, who pulls him out of it. His innumerable lecheries are rewarded not so much for any traditional masculine selling points as for his obvious and aching need to be loved. Women go for it. â€Å"He is ugly and sad,† Fermina Daza’s cousin Hildebranda tells her, â€Å"but he is all love. † And Garcia Marquez, straight-faced teller of tall tales, is his biographer. At the age of 19, as he has reported, the young writer underwent a literary epiphany on reading the famous opening lines of Kafka’s  Metamorphosis,  in which a man wakes to find himself transformed into a giant insect. â€Å"Gosh,† exclaimed Garcia Marquez, using in Spanish a word in English we may not, â€Å"that’s just the way my grandmother used to talk! † And that, he adds is when novels began to interest him. Much of what come [sic] in his work to be called â€Å"magical realism† was, as he tells it, simply the presence of that grandmotherly voice. Nevertheless, in this novel we have come a meaningful distance from Macondo, the magical village in  One Hundred Years of Solitude  where folks routinely sail through the air and the dead remain in everyday conversation with the living: we have descended, perhaps in some way down the same river, all the way downstream, into war and pestilence and urban confusions to the edge of a Caribbean haunted less by individual dead than by a history which has brought so appallingly many down, without ever having sopoken, or having spoken gone unheard, or having been heard, left unrecorded. As revolutionary as writing well is the duty to redeem these silences, a duty Garcia Marquez has here fulfilled with honor and compassion. It would be presumptuous to speak of moving â€Å"beyond†Ã‚  One Hundred Years of Solitude  but clearly Garcia Marquez has moved somewhere else, not least into deeper awareness of the ways in which, as Florentino comes to learn, â€Å"nobody teaches life anything. There are still delightful and stunning moments contrary to fact, still told with the same unblinking humor — presences at the foot of the bed, an anonymously delivered doll with a curse on it, the sinister parrot, almost a minor character, whose pursuit ends with the death of Dr. Juvenal Urbino. But the predominant claim on the author’s attention and energies comes from what is not so contrary to fact, a human consensus about â€Å"reality† in which love and the possibility of love’s extinction are the indispensable driving forces, and varieties of magic have become, if not quite peripheral, then at least more thoughtfully deployed in the service of an expanded vision, matured, darker than before but no less clement. It could be argued that this is the only honest way to write about love, that without the darkness and the finitude there might be romance, erotica, social comedy, soap opera — all genres, by the way, that are well represented in this novel — but not the Big L. What that seems to require, along with a certain vantage point, a certain level of understanding, is an author’s ability to control his own love for his characters, to withhold from the reader the full extent of his caring, in other words not to lapse into drivel. In translating  Love in the Time of Cholera,  Edith Grossman has been attentive to this element of discipline, among many nuances of the author’s voice to which she is sensitively, imaginatively attuned. My Spanish isn’t perfect, but I can tell that she catches admirably and without apparent labor the swing and translucency of his writing, its slang and its classicism, the lyrical stretches and those end-of-sentence zingers he likes to hit us with. It is a faithful and beautiful piece of work. There comes a moment, early in his career at the River Company of the Caribbean when Florentino Ariza, unable to write even a simple commercial letter without some kind of romantic poetry creeping in, is discussing the problem with his uncle Leo XII, who owns the company. It’s no use, the young man protests — â€Å"Love is the only thing that interests me. † â€Å"The trouble,† his uncle replies,† is that without river navigation, there is no love. For Florentino, this happens to be literally true: the shape of his life is defined by two momentous river voyages, half a century apart. On the first he made his decision to return and live forever in the city of Fermina Daza, to persevere in his love for as long as it might take. On the second, through a desolate landscape, he journeys into love and against time, with Fermina, at last by his side. There is nothing I have read quite like this astonishing final chapter, symphonic, sure in its dynamics and tempo, moving like a riverboat too, its author and pilot, with a lifetime’s experience steering us unerringly among hazards of skepticism and mercy, on this river we all know, without whose navigation there is no love and against whose flow the effort to return is never worth a less honorable name than remembrance — at the very best it results in works that can even return our worn souls to us, among which most certainly belongs  Love in the Time of Cholera,  this shining and heartbreaking novel.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

A Representative Congress in A essays

A Representative Congress in A essays The question of whether the Congress is representative towards the American public has been a longstanding question that has become the spotlight of numerous political debates. Many people believe that with a membership of nearly all-white males from a higher social status in society, it is nearly impossible for a true representation to occur. This is a mistake. The Congress is a fair representation of the American public. With the use of a bicameral legislature that serves both public sentiment and national interests, congressional voting that is representative of its constituents, and the power to vote, congressional representation is indeed met. One of the most controversial issues regarding the representation of the Congress is how the lack of minorities and women in membership affect a true representation of the American public. For much of the life of Congress, the membership has been comprised completely of white males. However, with the surface of the civil rights movement and a growing awareness of a diverse America, membership in the Congress has begun to change. There are now African Americans, women, Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, and American Indians that are all members of Congress. Many women used to gain membership into Congress by becoming widows, however, today almost all are elected officials and this trend is on the rise. Nevertheless, white males continue to dominate the majority. Does this mean that representation is still unequal? The answer is no. Regardless of race, culture, and gender differences, members typically make their choices in accordance with their constituents. For example, although most of the African American members vote liberal, this does not necessarily mean that African Americans are all liberal. Rather, these members represent districts that are liberal. This means that voting tendencies dont rely on race; rather they rely on the views of their districts. If a d...

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Oxford English Dictionary to go online only (probably) - Emphasis

Oxford English Dictionary to go online only (probably) Oxford English Dictionary to go online only (probably) The next edition of The Oxford English Dictionary probably wont appear in print, according to the Oxford University Press (OUP), the dictionarys owner. Instead, it is likely that the third edition will be accessible only electronically. OED3 wont be ready for at least another decade, and the decision is not yet final. But when asked if it would appear in print, OUP Chief Executive Nigel Portwood said, I dont think so [] The print dictionary market is just disappearing. No surprise that this is down to the increasingly ubiquitous presence of the internet and the latest alternative ways to read and access information. The second edition of the reference guide considered the worlds most definitive work on the language was published in 20 volumes in 1989. Its also been available online (by subscription) for over ten years, where it receives two million hits a month. It seems inevitable that new technology like the iPad will revolutionise our reading habits, but how happy are we all about it? Are those of us sentimental about the feel of paper between our fingers just holding on to a fast-receding past? Simon Winchester, author of The Meaning of Everything: The Story of the Oxford English Dictionary, has come reluctantly round to that way of thinking. Until six months ago I was clinging to the idea that printed books would likely last forever he said. Since the arrival of the iPad I am now wholly convinced otherwise. And even bibliophiles like him are naturally evolving past pages. I have two complete OEDs, but never consult them I use the online OED five or six times daily. So it looks like the end of the printed word could indeed be nigh. Is it time, then, for techno-sceptics to stop wringing their hands over the demise of books in order to embrace this paperless future?

Sunday, November 3, 2019

The Union on the CBA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

The Union on the CBA - Research Paper Example The researcher states that the union has failed to explicitly state in the CBA the terms of how they would raise their premiums, given the anticipated appreciation of premium rates. The researcher states that the interpretation of the union on the CBA was reasonable, given that the CBA explicitly stated that the percentage increase on the premiums to be paid by the workers, effective January 1,200, would be on the stated amounts as based from the 1999 premiums for the TOP. In this case, it can reasonably be argued that the premiums to be paid by the workers would be based on 1999 premiums; however, it is also the union’s fault that they did not clarify on whether the rates presented on the CBA were merely illustrative, or were the actual rates. In this case, The researcher states that the company also had the moral responsibility to explicitly state the terms of the CBA provision, so that there would be no confusion on its interpretation. On this specific case, it can clearly be seen that the premium payment figures stated in the CBA may be reasonably understood to be based on 1999 premiums, effective on the stated date. Because the company actually failed to explicitly state that the figures indicated in the company were merely illustrative, despite their previous practice of how premium rates would be computed, this only created much confusion between them and the union, which may lead to significant disruption of normal business operations.